[lil_cloud58]

Well, I am 13, and I have gotten two severe sunburns this past month. My mom said they were pretty bad, and they can cause skin cancer in the future. Is this really true? If not what are the real causes of skin cancer? What are the effects?

[Brendy]

Skin Cancer CausesUltraviolet (UV) light exposure, most commonly from sunlight, is overwhelmingly the most frequent cause of skin cancer.Other important causes of skin cancer include the following:* Use of tanning booths* Immunosuppression—impairment of the immune system, which protects the body from foreign entities, such as germs or substances that cause an allergic reaction. This may occur as a consequence of some diseases or can be due to medications prescribed to combat autoimmune diseases or prevent organ transplant rejection.* Exposure to unusually high levels of x-rays* Contact with certain chemicals—arsenic (miners, sheep shearers, and farmers), hydrocarbons in tar, oils, and soot (may cause squamous cell carcinoma)Regarding your mother's comment, people who had at least one severe sunburn early in life have a greater risk of developing skin cancer. Mom is right!Treatment for basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma is straightforward. Usually, surgical removal of the lesion is adequate. Malignant melanoma, however, may require several treatment methods, including surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

[roscoedeadbeat]

Skin cancer is most closely associated with chronic inflammation of the skin. This includes:1. Overexposure to UV-radiation can cause skin cancer either via the direct− or via the indirect DNA damage mechanism. UVA&UVB have both been implicated in causing DNA damage resulting in cancer. Sun exposure between 10AM and 4PM is most intense and therefore most harmful. Natural (sun)&artificial UV exposure (tanning salons) are associated with skin cancer. Since sunbeds cause mostly indirect DNA damage (free radicals) their use is associated with the deadliest form of skin cancer - the malignant melanom.2. Chronic non-healing wounds, especially burns. These are called Marjolin's ulcers based on their appearance and can develop into squamous cell carcinomaand.3. Genetic predisposition, including"Congenital Melanocytic Nevi Syndrome". CMNS is characterized by the presence of"nevi"or moles of varying size that either appear at or within 6 months of birth. Nevi larger than 20 mm (3/4") in size are at higher risk for becoming cancerous.Skin can be protected by avoiding sunlight entirely, or wearing protective clothing while outdoors. Skin cancer is usually caused by exposing skin to UV rays excessively.

[Maria]

The most common warning sign of skin cancer is a change in the appearance of the skin, such as a new growth or a sore that will not heal...The risk of developing skin cancer is also affected by where a person lives. People who live in areas that receive high levels of UV radiation from the sun are more likely to develop skin cancer......Most skin cancers appear after age 50, but the sun's damaging effects begin at an early age. Therefore, protection should start in childhood in order to prevent skin cancer later in life....Tanning booths are very popular, especially among adolescents, and they even let people who live in cold climates radiate their skin year-round.Skin Cancer Symptoms-Small blood vessels may be visible within the tumor.-A central depression with crusting and bleeding (ulceration) frequently develops.-Warning signs include change in size, shape, color, or elevation of a mole.-The appearance of a new mole during adulthood, or new pain, itching, ulceration, or bleeding of an existing mole should all be checked by a health-care provider.